10.8 Alternative Water-Heaters
Weatherization programs sometimes choose alternative water-heating products to improve efficiency and safety.
10.8.1 Sidewall-Vented Gas Storage Water Heaters
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SWS Detail: 2.0201.2 Combustion Safety, 7.8102.1 Water Heater Selection, 7.8102.2 Storage-Type Appliance |
When gas storage water heaters cause persistent venting problems, specify a sidewall-venting water heater. Two common types of these water heaters are shown here.
ü Choose a sealed-combustion sidewall-vented gas water, if possible. Next best is a fan-assisted unit.
ü The replacement water heater must be installed in accordance with manufacturer specifications, 2012 IRC G2427.8, and additional applicable codes.
10.8.2 On-Demand Gas Water Heaters
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SWS Detail: 7.8102.1 Water Heater Selection, 7.8102.3 On-Demand Appliance |
On-demand gas water heaters are more efficient and cost less to operate compared to conventional gas storage water heaters. However, on-demand gas water heaters are more expensive to install and may have shorter lifespans compared to storage water heaters.
ü Choose a sealed-combustion on-demand gas water heater, if possible. Next best is a fan-assisted unit.
10.8.3 Heat Pump Water Heaters
Heat pump water heaters can heat water at up to 2.3 times more efficient than electric-resistance storage water heaters. Heat pump water heaters use heat from surrounding air to heat water. They cost much more than conventional electric water heaters but are far less costly to operate.
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Advanced Water Heater Type |
$ Savings* |
Expected Lifespan |
Major Advantages |
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High-efficiency storage tank (Oil, gas, electric) |
≤$500 |
8–15 years |
Lowest first cost |
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Instantaneous Tankless (direct fired) |
≤$1800 |
5-15 years |
Unlimited hot water |
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Heat pump |
≤$3000 |
5-15 years |
Most efficient electric option |
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From information supplied by EnergyStar.gov by the Environmental Protection Agency. * Lifetime savings compared to conventional water-heater models and same fuel. |
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